GB13094-2025
Safety requirements for bus construction
客车结构安全要求
GB 13094-2025 is an upcoming mandatory Chinese national standard for Safety requirements for bus construction. It appears in the Electronics compliance cluster with a product safety focus and has an implementation date of Jul 1, 2027.
Applicability depends on product scope, certification route, competent authority notices and transition rules. Requst for the translation or verify source before using this record in a compliance decision.
Compliance overview
Scope and applicability
This standard specifies the mandatory structural safety requirements for M2 and M3 category buses, including single-deck, double-deck, and articulated vehicles. It applies to vehicles designed for road use and categorizes them into Class I, II, III, A, and B based on capacity and usage. It is not applicable to off-road buses. Special buses may refer to this standard for compliance guidance.
Technical requirements
The standard comprehensively regulates the physical and structural integrity of buses. It defines specific requirements for axle load distribution and passenger capacity areas to ensure basic operational safety. A critical aspect is the rollover stability requirement, which mandates that the vehicle must not overturn when tilted to a 28-degree angle under specific loading conditions. Manufacturers must ensure precise weight distribution and suspension calibration to meet this threshold. Fire prevention and passenger egress form another core focus. The standard mandates strict fire safety measures for engine compartments, fuel systems (including gas cylinders), and electrical equipment, specifically referencing GB 38032 for electric bus fire protection. Regarding exits, it sets detailed criteria for the minimum number, location, and dimensions of passenger doors, emergency doors, emergency windows, and escape hatches based on vehicle class and passenger capacity. Engineers must carefully calculate exit quantities and placement to ensure rapid evacuation capabilities. Interior layout and accessibility are rigorously controlled to protect occupants. This includes specifications for gangway dimensions, step heights, seat spacing, and driver compartment isolation. The standard also incorporates a dedicated normative appendix (Appendix A) detailing accessibility features for passengers with reduced mobility, such as wheelchair spaces, priority seating, and boarding devices. Compliance with these interior dimensions is verified using specific geometric gauges defined in the text.
Testing methods
Compliance is evaluated through geometric clearance tests using standardized measuring gauges (e.g., gangway and door access gauges) to verify passage dimensions. Dynamic and static tests are specified for power-operated door closing forces and ramp reaction forces (detailed in Appendix B). For trolleybuses, the standard outlines specific insulation resistance measurements and overvoltage tests (Appendix C) to ensure electrical safety.
FAQs
What types of vehicles are regulated under GB 13094-2025?
The standard applies to M2 and M3 category buses (as defined in GB/T 15089) and can be referenced for special buses. It does not apply to off-road buses. It categorizes vehicles into Class I, II, III, A, and B to determine specific structural requirements.
Are there any significant updates in the 2025 version compared to GB 13094-2017?
The 2025 revision introduces several updates, including new technical requirements for gas fuel cylinders and supply systems, new fire protection requirements for electric buses aligning with GB 38032, and the addition of an emergency lighting system. It also updates requirements for driver area isolation facilities and accessibility features like guide dog spaces.
How does GB 13094-2025 relate to international standards like UN R107?
Yes, GB 13094-2025 structurally aligns with international practices and references UN Regulation No. 107 for the general construction approval of M2 and M3 vehicles. However, it incorporates specific Chinese national requirements, particularly regarding electric and trolleybus safety, making a localized compliance review necessary.
The summary above provides a high-level overview of GB 13094-2025. To ensure complete compliance for your bus models entering the Chinese market, a precise and professional translation of the full technical specifications is essential. Purchase our high-quality English translation of GB 13094-2025 today to access all detailed parameters, measurement tables, and testing procedures.
Applicability hints
- Type
- Safety
- CCS
- T09
- ICS
- 43.020
- Competent department
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
- Technical committee
- National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China
Relationships
Replaces:GB 13094-2017 (Current)